Methodologies for Building the Ontology (Knowledge Maps)

Abstract

The rapid advancement and development of information and communication technology has contributed to the provision and circulation of a tremendous momentum of information and knowledge; Consequently, an important research problem has arisen in the necessity of developing a standardized and objective methodology for information and knowledge institutions to support them in keeping pace with the changes of the times and improving and developing the concept of organization for their incubating environment, with the aim of organized storing and preserving, and enabling the beneficiaries in general to access and retrieve the information and knowledge stock in high efficiency, effectiveness, speed and ease. Thus, it was important to ensure the provision of tools and applications that contribute to developing solutions to this problem and to identify the best mechanisms and methods for organizing a standardized and objective process of the knowledge content. From this standpoint, the researcher is going to try answering the current study’s research question that asks about the best possible method and methodology for building an Ontology or Knowledge maps. In this research, according to the inductive descriptive approach of previous research and studies, the researcher will provide a brief presentation of the concept of the semantic web in short as it is the practical application environment, and then focus on the concept of Ontology as one of the tools and applications of the semantic web, highlight the role of Ontology in this environment, achieve knowledge integration on the web, and refer to its definition, importance, objectives, components of its structure, types, languages used in it, tools and programs for its editors, and clarification of the Ontology's relationship with the search and retrieval process and its elimination of chaos and random information in the Internet environment. Hence, the importance of this research paper lies in reviewing a number of methodologies that clarify the stages, steps and rules for building the Ontology according to what research studies have shown in the literature on this topic, especially the study of (Fernández-López, 1999), and benefitting from these methodologies in developing a proposed model from the researcher’s perspectives for the methodology of building Ontology and Knowledge Maps.