Developing an Integrated Procedural Model Applying the Capacity and Demand Analysis Methodology to Operate Public Secondary School Buildings for Girls in Jeddah Governorate with High Efficiency

Abstract

This integrated applied action research aims to monitor the operational expenditure of public secondary school buildings and compare it with their actual capacity. It analyzes the impact of demographic shifts on the balance of student density and building utilization efficiency. Ultimately, it seeks to develop an integrated procedural model that improves the efficiency of operational expenditure based on capacity data and geographical location. To achieve these objectives, the researcher adopted the applied action research method, which enables researchers to develop their professional performance by reflecting on daily work practices and procedures. The study relied on various analytical tools, including the researcher's reflective journal, the analysis of capacity versus actual demand data, operational performance indicators, and geographic analysis using coordinates. Furthermore, it conducted a capacity and demand analysis for (30) coded public secondary schools distributed across four residential neighborhoods in Jeddah Governorate. The results demonstrated that the requirements for developing the integrated procedural model focus on applying equations for occupancy, surplus, and deficit rates; classifying schools into four operational categories; and linking geographic analysis with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Meanwhile, the primary challenges included the wide geographic disparity in occupancy rates, the lack of an automated system linking capacity with actual demand, and the underutilization of surplus buildings to resolve bottlenecks. Consequently, the study concluded with procedural recommendations categorized by priority: immediate intervention in critically overcrowded schools, empowering the department to utilize Geographic Information Systems (GIS), organizing an annual experience-exchange forum, and conducting further research.